Florida v. Jardines, 11-564 from the Supreme Court in March 2013 Research Paper

Florida v. Jardines, 11-564 from the Supreme Court in March 2013 - Research Paper Example nt measure of pot and proof that he was a medication dealer as well, Jardines challenged the warrant saying that it is was penetrate of the fourth amendment. Henceforth, rendering the assault, and the outcome (charges for having cannabis), invalid and void. The Supreme Court of Florida affirmed the choice of the preliminary court, holding that the proof be smothered as the officials had submitted Fourth Amendment break. They didn't have a reasonable justification to look Jardines’ property (Florida v. Jardines, 2013). 5. Justification: for what reason did the court choose the case along these lines? Was there a nice? An agreeing feeling? What number of Justices casted a ballot with the lion's share? What were the reasons that various adjudicators felt distinctively about pieces of the case? The court isn't a law machine set out to work under provided set of order. The law and courts work to contribute towards a superior society. The law is made to ensure the resident and not to annoy them. The idea that nobody ought to be held exempt from the laws that apply to everyone else should be rehearsed in such a manner as chose the Supreme Court of Florida. The Fourth amendment maintains that the individuals reserve a privilege to be secure in their homes (Jardines v. State, 2011). The Fourth Amendment doesn't permit police or anybody to look someone’s property without reasonable justification. The term ‘search’ has been featured in the Fourth Amendment as when governments truly interrupts someone’s property (individual, papers, houses or impacts) it is a ‘search’ (Florida v. Jardines, 2013).. The residents ought to think about home as protected from outlandish examinations. In the event that this conviction that all is good isn't given to the residents, at that point the general public will consistently feel helpless and under tension of the legislature. The officials that looked Jardines’ house didn't ‘see’ anything with their own eyes before entering his premises. There was clearly no dubious movement around or in his home. Had the officials seen something then it would have been a sensible

Land Rover Acquisition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Land Rover Acquisition - Essay Example Goodbye Motors took $3bn ($2.3bn for buying JLR and the rest of providing significant parts that included motor and different parts from Ford) connect advance to subsidize this procurement at $2.3bn with the point of taking care of a section through right issue, its stake deal in different auxiliaries and raising the rest through long haul obligation. The extension credit was raised by Tata Motors, UK (which is a 100% endowment of Tata Motors). The edge of the enthusiasm for the underlying 6months on the extension advance was 85% over LIBOR, trailed by 1.2% for the accompanying three months and afterward up to the finish of term at 1.5% ( Gaughan, P. A. 2011). The equivalent was expected to be pated through the rights issue, issue of protections abroad and its portfolio speculations stripping. Previously, Tata Motors mentioned to make sure about the assets utilizing three concurrent right issues, of which, of which one was o.5% convertible inclination shares. Be that as it may, the o rganization had to share its arrangement for giving the convertible inclination shares as the costs of the portion of the organization fell incredibly and stayed low till as later as August 2009. The other 2 rights issue (one was intended to acquiring Rs.21.86 billion with one another offer at Rs.340/ - with each offer evaluated at Rs. 305/ - ) couldn't create the normal measure of memberships from the investors and required to be rescued by company’s advertisers and the financiers. Goodbye Motors was trusting from the past record with both Land Rover and Jaguar would have the option to win enough assets.

Helpful List of Extended Essay Topics

Helpful List of Extended Essay Topics Any extended essay is a specific academic writing assignment that requires a correct structure to be successful. In addition to choosing good extended essay topics and conducting your research, you need to decide on the best structure. Looking through available samples and relevant extended essay topics ideas is one of the most effective ways to succeed. Break down your content into different subtopics to make it easier for readers to follow your logical flow of ideas. Intro To write a good extended essay, the first thing that you need to do is to pick a research question as its main subject. There are many interesting extended essay topics to choose from, but it should be approved by tutors. To complete this academic assignment, it’s possible to write a standard research paper or conduct a specific experiment to solve a given problem. Your final draft should include the following: Cover page; Abstract; Table of contents; Bibliography. What to describe in essay? You can write about anything you want as long as tutors approve your chosen subject. Make sure that it falls into specific categories for this academic paper, including biology, chemistry, and others. The good news is that you have a lot of freedom when deciding what to describe in your extended essay. Reference on how to write extended essay Everything starts with creating a detailed outline. There are several popular approaches that you can use to do that, so choose the one that you like the most. Write a brief summary of each paragraph and extend it with a few more ideas. Include strong supporting evidence, such as in-text citations, facts, and stats. Don’t forget to explain how specific examples can help you illustrate a major point. Make it more organized by using relevant suggestions and opinions. Next, you need to write a catchy introductory paragraph. Keep in mind specific things that will help you write the best one. In this section, you need to explain what readers can expect from your paper and make its basic goal clear. Point out the chosen scope of study and give a better insight into a major argument. You should have a good sense of direction and focus to succeed. Most students prefer to write the introduction when other paragraphs are ready to save their time. In the main body of your extended essay, it’s necessary to include the following details: Research analysis; Discussions; Assessment. A concluding paragraph of your paper should cover all the things discussed in other sections. Restate a thesis and leave valuable comments. Don’t overlook the importance of the right extended essay format. If you fail to format this academic assignment correctly, you won’t be able to earn high grades. Read assignment instructions carefully and pay attention to the necessary requirements to use the right formatting style. Essay samples for inspiration If you lack the inspiration, skills, or knowledge necessary to write and submit a perfect extended essay, look for suitable examples. Use relevant and updated samples as helpful guides for your writing. Tips for writing To get started, you need to conduct your in-depth research. The sooner you start, the better. Ensure that you keep assignment deadlines in mind to do everything on time. If you tend to procrastinate, use effective techniques to avoid making this mistake that may cost you future grades. Choose the subject that interests you and that you’re passionate about to enjoy writing about it. Consider potential ideas, narrow them down to the favorite ones, and choose the best one. Your authentic and passionate writing will be more engaging and successful. You also need to dig deeper. Unfortunately, most students use usual sources for their assignments, including articles, books, and others. If you really want to stand out, look for original and unique sources of information for your extended essay. Quote from them to provide your paper with extra depth. Many students end up wasting a lot of their energy and time on their worries about a word count. The great news is that it will take care of itself once you do your deep research and make an analysis. Remember that your extended essay word count is not your enemy. All you need to do is to examine the chosen topic and present a strong analysis within it. Don’t make a mistake of picking too broad topics because they require a lot of research. Your extended essay should be both descriptive and analytical. That’s why you need to give convincing answers to a research question and go beyond a simple description. Argue for a strong thesis, support major arguments, and present solid evidence. Evaluate your sources of information to demonstrate the ability to think and write academic papers both analytically and critically. Teachers will pay attention to the evaluation and analysis of your chosen topic. A list of topics for extended essay If you have problems with choosing interesting and suitable extended essay topics, check the following list of useful suggestions and original ideas grouped based on different categories. Chemistry Chemistry extended essay topics require you to investigate such subjects as compositions, characteristics, and transformation of different substances. Research both secondary and primary sources to clear show your analysis and base it on experimental data or theoretical models. Art Interesting visual arts extended essay topics include the following ideas: Analyzing the African impact on Henry Moore; The essence and representatives of Renaissance art; The purposes and importance of the Bauhaus genre; How Kandinsky used different colors. Biology Original biology extended essay topics ask you to research a specific field of study, including different life processes and living organisms. You need to develop a hypothesis and base your research on relevant data through a fieldwork, experiments, etc. Use primary literature sources when needed. Economics Is the modern movie industry in Singapore recession-proof? How effective are electronic road pricing policies? How can a policy of supplementary income payments be efficient to boost economy? How do prices affect a demand for public transport? How has the recession affected a consumption of demerit goods? How can the government intervention in the industry of hybrid cars lead to raising a demand? Are modern flats affordable to public? Computer science Good computer science extended essay topics include: Your in-depth analysis of different cloud-based systems; The effects of human liability on online security; Abstract data structures; A comparison of Unix and Windows based on a kernel variation; MP3 algorithms of data compression. Literature Symbolism in Victorian poetry; Links between the Development of Grape Vines and Soil Properties; Analyzing why Shakespeare’s plays are so universal; Connections between antagonists and protagonists in novels. Geography To write about different geography topics in your extended essay, you need to research the environment and relevant matters. For example, your piece of writing can cover a specific environmental system or anything else, but it’s necessary to conduct your analytical argument to cover the chosen topic effectively. History To choose great history extended essay topics, you need to study the area that interest you the most. You should not only describe something that happened in the past, but it’s also necessary to analyze relevant sources to get a better understanding of the chosen subject. Maths Math extended essay topics require you to use your deep research to demonstrate you appreciate. Feel free to choose any topic with its mathematical focus and cover different fields, such as sciences, engineering, and others. Physics When writing about physics extended essay topics, you need to investigate the theory or background information to incorporate your database analysis, experiments, theoretical models, and literature review. Psychology To study any psychology extended essay topics, you should use field-specific research methods and systematic studies of people’s experiences and behaviors. Write down your important results and use relevant theories, studies, and concepts. World sciences To write this kind of extended essay, you need to study the topic of modern global significance. Ensure that your piece of writing shows a development of global consciousness while incorporating solid evidence and analysis of relevant sources of information. How to choose a right topic? If choosing a good topic for your extended essay is a complex matter, use a few basic tips to make things easier. Know where to look for helpful ideas and consider the targeted audience when making a final choice. Look for something that interests and inspires you to facilitate the entire writing process. You should research suitable topic ideas to ensure that you can find enough information to write a strong paper. Conclusion Writing a winning extended essay is easy if you follow the necessary guidelines. Use the above-mentioned topic suggestions and useful techniques to end up with a perfect final draft. If you experience difficulties for any reason, it’s time to turn to qualified custom writers online. Our academic paper writing services can help you solve any assignment problem and improve your academic performance. Order a perfect extended essay from our team of professionals and they will complete it fast.

Analysis Of The Novel Felmans - 2199 Words

Felman’s analysis, while devastatingly lucid, is simply too strong. To close a text to any further analysis and interpretation would be an unacceptable step too far. Nevertheless, her critique of psychoanalytic and moralistic analyses remains useful. A text as shot through with ambiguity as Turn of the Screw resists any sort of prescriptive analysis of the Governess’s psyche, regardless of how tempting such an analysis may be. The acceptance of this fact leaves the intrepid critic locked outside of the very narrative voice that related, in such intimate first-person detail, the story of The Turn of the Screw. The critic is left to analyze what is external to the governess. Power Structures and Ideology: Master and Governess In the strictest sense, the Governess—the principal character in Turn of the Screw—comes into being when the young woman accepts her position of employment at Bly Mansion. The â€Å"youngest of several daughters of a poor country parson† (4) agrees to take care of Miles and Flora, the orphaned â€Å"nephew†¦and niece† (4) of a â€Å"gentleman† referred to only as â€Å"the master† by his subordinates. As a requirement of her acceptance, the young woman acquiesces to a â€Å"prohibitive† (6) condition set forth by the Master: That she should never trouble [the Master]—but never, never: neither appeal nor complain nor write about anything; only meet all questions herself, receive all moneys from his solicitor, take the whole thing over and let him alone. She promised to do this,Show MoreRelatedEssay Finding Meaning in The Turn of The Screw, by Henry James2788 Words   |  12 Pagesis present in the text whether a reader notices it or not. For formalists, a texts essential effect lies in the text alone and is completely independent of a readers response to elements that create effect in him. Likewise, Lustigs precise analysis of form and subsequent deconstructionist reading of The Turn of the Screw does not mention what a possible readers process might be when faced with the twists of Bly. But for whom is the effect valuable, if not the reader?    As Iser explains

Samsung (Economics) - 966 Words

Introduction Samsung has been in the business for over 70 years, it is a company which is considered to diversify its business ranging from mobile phones to washing machines, TV’s to microwave, all kinds of home appliances to the most modern worldly technology needs of human kind. Samsung is a $160 billion company. Through research, reliability and a talented workforce, Samsung is able to provide technological solutions for our everyday lives. Samsung is known for its TVs however they have penetrated into the mobile phone market. They have come up with creative technology such as the Smart TV and Smart Camera. They continue to invest heavily into their research and development so that they can produce products that are efficient and†¦show more content†¦Will Samsung LCD TV remain in monopolistic competition? With time, the LCD TV market will either become a perfectly competitive market or there will be a shift in power from Samsung to its rivals like LG, Sony and Sharp. As there are few barriers to entry, existing competitors might gear up their products or new competitors might enter the market and supply a product which is better than that of Samsung. However Samsung invests a lot in its research and development and continues to maintain its market share. Smartphones as an oligopoly What is an oligopoly? An oligopoly market consists of a few sellers and has many entry barriers for prospective competitors. Competitors in an oligopoly have a significant influence over the market meaning they determine the price in a way to exploit profits. Competitors are dependent on each other meaning all of them would have almost the same pricing. If one raises or lowers their prices, other competitors do the same. How are Smartphones an oligopoly? There are few competitors in the market namely Samsung, HTC, Apple, Blackberry, Nokia, and Sony. Samsung prices its cell phones almost like most of the competitors in the market. If HTC releases a $300 phone then Samsung also launches a phone at the same price with almost similar specifications. Will Smartphones remain an oligopoly in the future? There is a chance that it might turn into a perfect competition as newShow MoreRelatedSamsung Electronics And Its Impact On Economic Development, Politics And Culture1326 Words   |  6 PagesABSTRAT Nowadays Samsung Electronics is a South Korean multinational company that produces a wide range of electronical equipment. In South Korea, the company has a paramount influence on economic development, politics and culture. However, Samsung also has a huge power in the worldwide terms. The revenue that the company earns every year is impressive. At the same time, the whole world may take advantages of Samsung’s products using them. Today Samsung Electronics is globally recognizes as a producerRead Moresamsung economics3057 Words   |  13 Pagesfaced by Samsung. 1.3 Objectives of an Organisation. 1.4 Limitations of an Organisation. 12 13 14 15 2 PROFILE 2.1 Company profile. 2.2 History of the product. 2.3 Organisational chart. 17 18 19 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Input and Output Market for samsung. 3.2 Demand for mobile phones in output market. 3.3 Shifting of demand curve for Samsung company. 3.4 Supply of mobile phones in output markets. 3.5 Shifting of supply curve of Samsung company. Read MoreOrganizational And Social Responsibility Of Samsung1143 Words   |  5 PagesEnvironment. Using Samsung as a case study and to apply our understanding to analyse and discuss the company’s approach to environmental and social responsibility. SAMSUNG/BACKGROUND Samsung started its first operation in 1983, as a small export business, selling dried fish, vegetables and noodles, and today Samsung has grown into some parts, Samsung Electronics, Ltd., is a part of Samsung Group, that has the world’s leading and biggest technology company by revenues. The Samsung produces consumerRead MoreTop World s Best Brands 20111685 Words   |  7 Pagespublished by Interbrand, Samsung ranked 17th with brand value of 23.43 billion US dollars, an increase of 2 levels and increased 20% in value 2010. Samsung has also been recognized as the brand has been developing leading technology with the patent number of the second most in the US. The strength of the brand and the technology that allows Samsung leapfrog, creating new technology trends. The quick turn ideas into products and marketed is also a factor that helped Samsung fresh in the eyes of consumersRead MoreBig Companies And Samsung Electronics Company998 Words   |  4 PagesThe world economic s ituation has been approaching the low economic growth since the Lehman Brothers Holdings inc. collapsed in 2008. Currently the competition is on top which leads towards to legal and institutional restrictions are easing or disappearing and barriers are crumbling. If companies want to compete globally, companies need to work hard, implement the innovative strategies and carry out open management that removes all restrictive and discriminatory institutions and practices. The allRead MoreSamsung Product Promotion Strategy1163 Words   |  5 Pagespurchasing decisions. Samsung requirements of their own to create a world-class brand which attaches great importance to the quality of the product, which is mainly reflected in the following four areas: 1.High-quality products to establish a brand image, enhance brand value Need high-quality first-class brand quality assurance, Samsungs leaders have long recognized that it put forward the idea of new operators in 1992, long Lee Kun-hee of Samsung Group firefly things Samsung started depending onRead MoreSamsung Electronics Company Strategic Management System Essay1394 Words   |  6 Pagescompetitive resources. So far Samsung has used these resources very effectively. That is why management scholars have been looking at Samsung Electronics Company as a successful case of the leading global company. Chairman Lee declared the launch of New Management in Frankfurt in 1993. Since then Samsung has transformed itself from a mediocre manufacture based on low cost advantage to a world class performer with a strong brand value and premium products. Samsung declared Open HR to prepare forRead MoreSamsung: from Gallop to Run1281 Words   |  6 PagesI. Situation Analysis A. Company Philosophy Samsung Electronics has to be the cutting-edge product leader in consumer electronics producing new sleek, bold, and beautiful products which they called as â€Å"lifestyle works of art† intended for the high-end users. Each product has to pass the â€Å"WOW† test. If it did not get the â€Å"WOW† reaction during market testing, it is scrapped or sent back to the design studio. B. Current Strategy The company is focused on the development and production ofRead MoreSamsung Strategic Management6168 Words   |  25 Pages1. Introduction 1.1. Background The Samsung Group was founded by Byung-Chull Lee in 1938, in Taegu, Korea, as an exporter of dried fish, vegetables and fruits. Byung later established flour mills under the name Samsung, which means three stars in Korean language. He also produced confectionery machines in this period. In 1951, Samsung Moolsan, a holding company, was established which later The building of Samsung Sanghoe in Daegu in 1930s became Samsung Corp. in 1953, Cheil Sugar Manufacturing CoRead MoreSamsung Brand Audit3065 Words   |  13 Pages[pic]MOBILE Samsung cares about people. Samsung makes life easier. Samsung creates cool technologies. Samsung.com History Samsung has a very long history dating back to the 1940s. . Firstly, Samsung Store was founded by Lee Byung Chull in 1938 as a small company. This is the beginning point of a worldwide known brand, Samsung. Korean War is the turning point for this small company. After the war, Samsung Company was

Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher Free Essays

string(130) " was raised to the peerage, taking her seat in the House of Lords as Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven in the County of Lincolnshire\." Margaret Thatcher Rt. Hon. Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven L. We will write a custom essay sample on Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher or any similar topic only for you Order Now G. , O. M. , F. R. S. Official booklet to mark the unveiling on 21st February 2007 of the bronze statue of Baroness Thatcher sculpted by Antony Dufort for the House of Commons. Edited by Malcolm Hay, Curator of Works of Art, Palace of Westminster. Clay for the portrait head of Margaret Thatcher, June 2005 (Photo: Antony Dufort) â€Å"This historic commission is a very fitting way to remember Margaret Thatcher’s time in the House of Commons and I am very pleased to welcome the statue joining those of the other Prime Ministers of the 20th Century in Members’ Lobby. Rt. Hon. Michael Martin MP Speaker of the House of Commons Baroness Thatcher is the latest 20th Century Prime Minister to be represented in Members’ Lobby immediately outside the House of Commons Debating Chamber. This over life-size bronze statue by Antony Dufort recognises her contribution to British politics during her three terms of office as premier and records her rightful place in parliamentary history as the United Kingdom’s first woman Prime Minister. Her statue looks towards the doors of the Commons Chamber, facing that of Sir Winston Churchill by Oscar Nemon, which since the late 1960s has stood sentinel to this historic Chamber, its foot touched in the early years for good luck by Tory Members before giving speeches in the Chamber and more recently by all those visiting the House. Since then, statues of David Lloyd George and Clement Attlee have been added to this historic space, together with busts of James Ramsay MacDonald, Harold Wilson, James Callaghan, Edward Heath, Anthony Eden, Harold Macmillan, Stanley Baldwin and Alec Douglas-Home. Above and right Antony Dufort and Baroness Thatcher at the sitting on 28 May 2004 (Photos: Matthew Tugwell) The Parliamentary Art Collection of the House of Commons includes many painted and sculpted images of parliamentarians over the centuries, widely dispersed throughout the buildings of the Parliamentary Estate. Portraits of Prime Ministers line the Committee Corridor of the Victorian building, with more recent figures joining the House’s contemporary collection which is on display in Portcullis House. Members’ Lobby was chosen to display sculptures of Prime Ministers of the 20th Century, because of its pre-eminence as the portal to the Debating Chamber, the centre of political life. Both interiors were rebuilt during the late 1940s by the architect Sir Giles Gilbert Scott after the original Victorian Chamber and Lobby of the 1850s were destroyed by enemy action during the Second World War. Commissioning the Statue The bronze statue was commissioned from the sculptor Antony Dufort in 2003 by the Speaker’s Advisory Committee on Works of Art, under the then chairmanship of Tony Banks MP It was . greed that Margaret Thatcher would be represented during her last term of office, 1987 – 1990, with the sculptor working from historic material as well as being given sittings from life. The current Chairman, and former Deputy Chairman, Hugo Swire MP and Members , of the Committee have overseen this project since 2005. â€Å"This is a very significant commission for the House of Commons. It is entirely appropriate that Margaret Thatcher’s premiership has been recorded in this way for future visitors to the House. I think the way in which Antony Dufort has succeeded in showing her mid-debate will strike a chord with all those – from all sides of the political divide who remember her oratory. I share Tony Banks’s view that history demanded this commission. I am only sad that he did not live to see the finished statue. † Hugo Swire MP Above Antony Dufort and Tony Banks MP after the committee meeting in Portcullis House where the preliminary design for the statue was selected The sculptor enlarges the full size clay of Baroness Thatcher from the half-size maquette, using a 3D ‘Pantograph’ (Photo: Antony Dufort) Upper torso of the completed full-size clay figure, 30 September 2006 (Photo: Antony Dufort) The Works of Art Committee is responsible for all aspects of the Parliamentary Art Collection, and follows an active policy of commissioning portraits in order to keep the Collection up to date. Efforts are also made to fill gaps in the historical collection where notable parliamentarians from the past are not represented. The management of the Collection is undertaken by a dedicated team of professional curators, led by Malcolm Hay, who support the Committee in their work. The Parliamentary Art Collection already includes a number of images of Margaret Thatcher. During the 1990s a marble statue was commissioned by the Committee from the sculptor Neil Simmons, but regrettably this was damaged shortly after completion, when the head was vandalised. It was successfully repaired and is on public view at the Guildhall Art Gallery in London. Other representations of Margaret Thatcher within the Collection include portraits by Henry Mee and Ruskin Spear, one of the Spitting Image latex puppets by Fluck and Law, and a photograph by Jane Bown. Above Margaret Thatcher’s last speech in the House, 22 November 1990 (Parliamentary Copyright) Photograph of Margaret Thatcher by Jane Bown (Copyright: Jane Bown) Margaret Thatcher’s years as Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher served three continuous terms as Prime Minister, between 1979 and 1990. She is the Country’s longest-serving premier since Lord Salisbury. Her radical economic policies and robust approach to politics were branded ‘Thatcherism’ and became widely influential both at home and abroad. She placed great importance on fostering Britain’s historic links with the English-speaking peoples of the World, and nurtured the ‘special relationship’ with the United States. At a time when there was general acceptance that Britain’s power was diminishing following the end of Empire, she worked hard to raise the profile of the United Kingdom on the World stage. Her success in defending the Falkland Islands against Argentinian aggression in 1982 won In 1992 she was raised to the peerage, taking her seat in the House of Lords as Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven in the County of Lincolnshire. You read "Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher" in category "Papers" In 1995 she was raised to the Order of the Garter. her great praise. She is credited with bringing about the Country’s economic recovery and with breaking many of the restrictive working practices of the past. The Country underwent significant change during her premiership. However, strong views and robust politics brought out a mixture of both positive and negative reactions in people, and in 1990, despite an unbroken line of three election successes, divisions within her own party mirrored the rising discontent within the Country. She resigned in 1990 after a leadership election. Antony Dufort – the designing and making of the statue â€Å"Creating the statue was an enormous but fascinating challenge. I already had considerable experience of making large freestanding sculptures to go outside, such as my ‘Fast bowler’ for the MCC at Lord’s Ground, and the Tribute sculpture ‘Testing for Gas’ for the Coal Miners and Collieries of the Nottinghamshire Coalfields at Silverhill near Mansfield. But the context of the House of Commons statue was particularly complex. Not only would it have to complement the scale and style of the Above Mould maker Liz Turner peels back the silicon rubber inner layer of the mould. This ‘intermediate’ mould is used to make a wax replica of the sculpture, as part of the ‘lost wax’ casting process (Photo: Antony Dufort) three existing bronze statues of Prime Ministers in the Lobby, but also stand up to the scrutiny of Members as they passed it each working day. Moreover here was a sitter whose appearance the whole world felt they knew, though most had never met her. Finally, this was the first statue of a female Prime Minister, and there was no precedent to follow. However for me, Oscar Nemon’s splendid sculpture of Winston Churchill set a standard to emulate. † During Late May and early June 2004, the sculptor was given three sittings with Baroness Thatcher. These took place in the River Room of the Lord Chancellor’s Residence in the House of Lords. â€Å"Baroness Thatcher chatted to her assistant Gillian Penrose while I sculpted her. This let me see her face in animation– vital for giving the sculpture a feeling of life. Her conversation was an intriguing mixture of reminiscence, observation, authority, seriousness and humour, which gave me a powerful impression of the many sides of her character. † â€Å"In the breaks from modelling we discussed my preliminary designs and a range of photographs showing her speaking, including stills from her famous last speech to the Commons on 22 November 1990. She preferred those with â€Å"intensity†, which showed her â€Å"concentrating on getting the message across†. When I pointed out the hint of humour in the corner of her mouth, Above At the foundry wax worker Dorota Rapacz removes the silicon rubber mould from the wax cast of the head and shoulders (Photo: Antony Dufort) The separate sections of the hollow wax replica are assembled at the foundry to ensure a good fit. Dorota Rapacz prepares to ‘weld’ the seams, 23 October 2006 (Photo: Antony Dufort) she explained the necessity of not just dominating the audience but â€Å"getting the message across by introducing humour†¦so the audience can relax. † â€Å"As fundamental for the success of the sculpture as the accurate portrayal of her face would be the expression of her character through movement and gesture. We agreed that it was important not to replicate the gestures of any of the existing statues. She explained how she unobtrusively shifted her weight from one leg to another during a long speech to avoid fatigue and would turn towards her â€Å"own people†, the Opposition or Mr. Speaker in turn†. â€Å"She demonstrated this and a range of arm movements, and linked movements of the head and upper body as if she were giving just such a speech. She liked the idea of the sculpture â€Å"†¦just having papers in one hand, I think we will ruin things by having too much in. † The diamond brooch on her Above The wax sections are covered with layers of ceramic shell. This shell forms the mould when the wax is melted out and the narrow void filled with molten bronze (Photo: Antony Dufort) lapel was a special favourite. So was the bracelet of gold and semi-precious stones, given to her by her husband Denis, so that was included as well. † â€Å"Baroness Thatcher’s professionalism in sitting, friendliness, and willingness to be consulted and to analyse her appearance and ‘body language’ objectively was enormously helpful to me in developing the design and composition of the statue. † From material and information gathered during these sittings, the sculptor developed the portrait likeness and the animated composition of the statue. This shows Baroness Thatcher leaning slightly forwards. She supports herself mostly on her right leg, with her left leg lightly flexed. This in turn raises the left heel slightly from the ground. She is ‘making a point’ with her raised right hand and holds notes in her left. Her head is inclined gently to the right. Above Molten bronze at 1200 degrees centigrade is poured into the mould of the top section (head and shoulders) of the sculpture, 10 December 2006 (Photo: Antony Dufort) Committee Members Peter Ainsworth MP, Frank Doran MP, Hugo Swire MP (Chairman) and Anne Main MP visit Bronze Age Foundry in December 2006 to view the bronze cast of the head and shoulders emerging from the mould (Photo: Terry Moore) A choice from a series of three small preliminary maquettes presented by the sculptor, was made as the ‘design option’ for the half-size ‘working maquette’ by the Works of Art Committee in April 2005. This in turn was unanimously approved in early 2006, and work on enlarging to a scale of one and a quarter above life size began in the sculptor’s former Baptist Chapel Studio in Gloucestershire in February 2006. After eight months of continuous work, enlarging and then refining the detail and surface of the 7ft ft 4† clay model, moulds were made and taken to Bronze Age Foundry in London. Over the next three and a half months, under the sculptor’s constant supervision, the sculpture was cast, welded, fettled and patinated. After completion on the 9th February 2007, it was transported to the House of Commons and erected on the vacant stone plinth in Members’ Lobby, in readiness for the unveiling ceremony on the 21st February 2007. Antony Dufort with the wrapped statue as it passes the marble statue of Gladstone in Central Lobby (Photo: Matthew Tugwell) The statue is lifted onto the empty plinth in Members’ Lobby by Keith Baker, James Elliot and associates on 10th February 2007 (Photo: Matthew Tugwell)  © Parliamentary Copyright 2007 Designed and Printed by Print Services, Vote Office, House of Commons Back Cover Baroness Thatcher and Antony Dufort in Members’ Lobby after the installation of the statue on 10th February 2007 (Photo: Matthew Tugwell) How to cite Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, Papers

The Situation of Melbournes Education System

Introduction Education plays a major role in the training and development process of a student. Skills and knowledge are gained by students at different levels of learning (Hannan Silver 2000). The report study explores the current educational system in Melbourne, Australia.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Situation of Melbourne’s Education System specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Owing to an increase in higher in competitiveness in higher education, the curriculum has been integrated to compare with the global standards of education (OECD 2010). Generally, the Australian educational system is at par with the international standards and as such, it is internationally recognized (Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2008). According to the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, schools in Australia offer students the chance to develop their confidence and skills. In the areas of technology and innovation, graduates from the Melbourne based university are known for their excellence. The Australian system of education prepares students for life outside the offer of vocational skills necessary in the employment sector. This offers students the opportunity to be get employment in the international market. The education offered in Melbourne, Australia attracts international students from such regions as Africa, Indonesia, Thailand, Japan, Hong Kong, Malaysia, the Republic of Korea, India, and the People Republic of China (Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2008). The schools are recognized in training students in English language and international education. Students are attracted to colleges and universities in Melbourne to enjoy the skills, qualifications, and experiences added by the Australian education. Technology is incorporated in the education system making the education reliable, excellent and of high quality. Because of the rich and diverse culture of Australia, attending school in Australia is an enriching experience especially to foreign students. Background information Aim and objectives The aim of the report is to investigate the situation of Melbourne’s education system. The major objectives areAdvertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To investigate education system in Melbourne, Australia. To explore the factors that influence students’ study To explore the relationship between Melbourne’s education and job procurement in the future. To understand the role played by education on students attending educational institutions in Melbourne. Importance and relevance The significance of the current study is that it will help to shed light on areas of importance in education to students attending school in Melbourne, Australia. In addition, the study will also help to shed light on the most popular courses in Australia. This will go a long way into assisting students enrolling at school in Australia. Methods The research is based on a qualitative research design carried in Melbourne, Australia. The perception, opinions, and the attitudes of the Australians will be collected in respect to education system. Sample size and sampling strategy A sample size of 20 participants was developed and interviews carried out using the designed questionnaire. The results were recorded in the questionnaires for further analysis. The self administered questionnaires had 15 questions that would help in achieving the research aims and objectives. To ensure reliability and validity on the data and information collected, open ended and closed ended questions were used. The open ended questions allowed the participant to give their views and attitudes towards multiculturalism. On the other hand, the closed ended questions confined the participants to particular answer which also gave their views a nd perceptions. Administering questionnaires and collating data The questionnaires were self administered. Because of their simplified nature, the questionnaires assisted in interviewing the target sample. Each sessions was allocated a period of 30 minutes. The response rate was 100% as no delays or distortion was witnessed. The collected information was entered into tables for interpretation, evaluation, and analysis. Responses with the same, related and close meaning were grouped together for ease of interpretation. Ethical considerations Upon the establishment of the target sample, consent from the participants was sought. It was explained that the study was for academic purposes and that confidentiality, anonymity, and privacy would be guaranteed. Questions that would invade the participant’s privacy were avoided during the data collection process. It was also made clear that the participant had the choice to answer or not answer questions which they deemed as inappropria te. Lastly, participants were informed that they were free to ask for clarification in questions which they did not understand well.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Situation of Melbourne’s Education System specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Results and Discussion Results The research had a response rate of 100% as all the 20 participants’ questionnaires were availed on time with no distortion whatsoever. The results of the study have been represented in the tables below: Of the 20 respondents, 12 of them were females, while 8 were males. In terms of age, 5 of the respondents were between the age of 18 and 25 years, another five were between 25 and 30 years, while 7 were between 30 and 40 years. Only one respondent fell in the 41 to 50 years category, while two respondents were over 50 years. Below is a table of the educational background of the respondents: Education background Number of per sons Senior school 3 SAFE 4 Diploma 6 Bachelor 3 Master 2 PhD 2 Most of the respondents had completed subjects in business while at school, according to table 2 below: Subjects finished Number of persons Business 8 Engineering 3 Computing 4 Arts 3 Others 3 When asked what in their opinion was the most important in school, nearly 30 percent of the respondents cited the school environment, while a similar number cited the teachers, the communication room, lab, and building, at 20 percent, 10 percent, and 10 percent, respectively. The respondents cited the internet, relationship of school and living style as some of the main things that would influence students study, according to table 3 below: Influences of students’ study Number of persons Internet 4 Relationship of school 3 Living style 3 Part-time job 2 Night clubbing 2 disease 2 drugs 2 Computer game 1 Others 1 When asked if they thought whether graduation and course w ould influence the student’s job in the future, more than half of the respondents said it would only have a little effect. On the other hand, the respondents identified quality of teaching, school facility and subject’s lab as some of the main part of education that they thought the school needs to pay more attention to, as shown by table 4 below: Areas of improvement in school Number of persons Quality of teaching 5 School facility 4 Subject’s lab 4 Library 3 School’s safety 2 Others 2 With regard to the issue of the number of hours after school that students should take in part-time jobs, more than half of the respondents said that this should not exceed 4 hours, according to table 5 below:Advertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Number of hours to take in part-time jobs Number of persons 1 hour 1 2 hours 4 3 hours 6 4 hours 4 5 hours 2 6 hours 2 7 hours 1 more 0 In addition, many of the respondents (60 percent) were convinced that part-time activities would help the student increase his/her society experience. On the other hand, attendance, homework, and education equipment were also regarded as the most important activities that would assist the student while studying at the university/SAFE, according to table 5 below: Activity Number of persons Attendance 7 Homework 5 Education equipment 4 Others 4 Discussions According to the study results, business study is the most important course to study in Australia. These results are in line with a report released by Study Abroad Australia (n. d.) that has identified the most popular course as that of business. This is because most of the students take these courses with a view to gaining administrative and managerial skills so that they can be able to move to management levels at various organizations. On the other hand, the school environment and the teacher were noted as the most important things for the success of students while at school. These results have been supported by Berry (2002) who has noted that the successful management of the school environment acts as an essential and necessary educational investment. There is compelling research evidence to show that educational performance is directly linked to the environmental quality of schools. In addition, the manner in which the school facilities are managed will also impact on the quality of the schools and by extension, will affect the performance of students. Besides, the attitudes of teachers, the staff and students are affected by school environment (Skelton 2005; Tam 2001). This is an important consideration because behavior affects performance. At the same time, the future outcomes of individuals as well as society depend on educational pe rformance. Lai, Sadoulet and Janvry (2009) have explored the role of teacher qualification and school quality to student performance. In their study, the authors have noted that the performance of students increase with an increase in school quality and the qualification of teachers. With regard to school quality, the elements that were of concern to the authors include the availability of teaching material and an ideal environment for learning. Many of the respondents were convinced that school attendance was the most important activity, a position that has been supported by Cowey, Harper, Dunn and Wolgemuth (2009). In their study, the authors note that school attendance is directly connected to academic achievement. In another study conducted by Douglas and Douglas (2006), it was revealed that Australian indigenous students located in remote areas had very poor school attendance rates and in the same way, they tended to record poor results in comparison with those students who att ended school regularly. Implication of the study The study offers a platform for understanding the Australian education system. Specifically, the study helps to shed light on the education system in Melbourne. By examining the most popular course taken by the students, one is able to gain an insight into the courses that are most likely to result in a job offer after completing school. Also, the study gives an insight into the importance of regularly attending school as it is directly related to improved academic performance. Conclusion The most popular courses in the Australian education system are the business-related courses. In addition, students in Australia cite school attendance as the most important activity, followed by completion of homework. Nonetheless, the students feel that the education system needs to be improved with regard to the areas of quality of teaching and school facilities. The internet, along with the relationship of school also appears to be the most influ ential activities for students while at school. Reference List Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2008. Our system of education. Web. Berry, M 2002. Healthy School Environment and Enhanced Educational Performance:  The Case of Charles Young Elementary School Washington, D. C. Web. Cowey, W, Harper, H, Dunn, B, Wolgemuth, J 2009. How important is school  attendance in learning to read? Web. Douglas, J Douglas, A 2006,’ Evaluating Teaching Quality’, Quality in Higher  Education, vol. 12, no. 1. Hannan, A Silver, H 2000, Innovating in higher education: teaching, learning and  institutional cultures, Society for Research in Higher Education and Open University Press, Buckingham, UK. Lai, F, Sadoulet, E Janvry, A 2009. The contributions of school quality and teacher  qualifications to student performance: Evidence from a natural experiment in  Beijing middle schools. Available from:  https://are.berkeley.edu/~esadoulet/papers/SchoolEffectJH R.pdf [01 February 2012]. OECD 2010. Learning our lesson: review of quality teaching in higher education. Available from:  http://www.oecd.org/education/imhe/44058352.pdf [31 January 2012]. Skelton, A 2005, Understanding teaching excellence in higher education. Towards a  critical approach, Routledge, Oxon. Study Abroad Australia n. d. Popular Course. Web. Tam M 2001,’Measuring quality and performance in higher education’,  Quality in education, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 4 – 54. This report on The Situation of Melbourne’s Education System was written and submitted by user Natalee Reilly to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Essay Sample on Gambling Its Origin, Development and Problems

Essay Sample on Gambling Its Origin, Development and Problems Gambling is a complex and intriguing human activity. When it appeared long ago, it seen as popular, but it has cycled to the opposite extreme to be rebuked, condemned and repressed as a social evil. More precisely, Video Lottery Terminals (VLTs) are one important aspect of gambling that affects gamblers and makes them addicts. These machines are often  referred to as the crack cocaine of gambling, one armed bandits or even the devil`s television. First, to uncover the VLTs world, we need to go back and explore the history of these machines. Then, we need to emphasize on the relation between the population and the machines: what attracts people and how? Following this, view by a psychological manner, we have to focus on the fact that VLTs are not random and how people are enslaved by them. Also, the explanation of how these slot machines are taking money from people and their effects. Statistics revealed by a professor who studied gambling in Las Vegas said that 78 per cent of patho logical gamblers had thought about suicide and 49 per cent had attempted it; 35.5 per cent said they stole from work to pay for their gambling and 27.5 per cent said they filed for bankruptcy. Finally, the role of the government and the economy will be introduced, and some solutions for addicted gamblers must be included. First, a little historical introduction is important to analyse where the gambling and VLTs came from. The earliest reference to gambling is found in ancient Egypte displaying various board games. Knuckle-bones, from which dice were derived, were popular in Greece and India (Roman board games). Many other little inventions were created; such as the roulette which was introduced into England in 1739 (Roulette history) and playing cards, which originated in 12th century China, reached Europe through Spain and were brought to America with Columbus in 1492. Lotteries were known to exist in early Roman times and were used in judicial proceedings to determine guilt and for the selection of politicians. In England and Western Europe around the 16th century, lotteries became a popular mean of raising government revenue for public projects (lottery history). By 1790 lotteries were flourishing to the point of a lottery mania and were more active (Lottery history). Horse racing is several thousand years older than Christianity with Homer and Xenaphon. Knowledge of the first horse race is lost in prehistory (Horse racing). It was then made common in the 11th century in London under the interests of Henry VIII. The formation of the Newmarket Jockey club in 1750 paved the way for the formal regulation of racing (Horse racing). Poker-machines, referred to as slot machines or Video Lottery Machines, were invented by the American Charles Frey in 1895. They gained popularity rapidly to become one of the most profitable gaming devices invented (Slot machine history ,2001-2002). Profits derived were so fabulous from such little investment and little effort that governments willingly took  advantage and control of these machines. Today, the number of video lottery machines has increased by thousands year after year and the money continues to grow rapidly in the  governments pocket. From a journal written by Novak (1998) it is said that the amount of money players fed into the machines went from $1.4 billion in 1996 to $2.1 billion in 1997 (p. 2). It is important to examine the relationship between the population and the Video Lottery Terminals. The question that psychologists and sociologists often ask themselves is what attracts people to VLTs? First, the machines are often very attractive because of their splendid colour and their simpleness. The games are usually visually appealing. Some would like to say that they are  « architecturally primitive  » (Golfman, N., December 1998), but because they are not complicated to play and there are not many buttons and readings, the players like these machines that require no skill. â€Å"And even though it is a chance outcome, it seems that there is some skill involved. So, you get the sense that you are good at what you are doing† (King, M., March 1999). Long ago, these boxes were rudimentary with brown and black colours. But today, to attracted even more people, they are striking with fluorescent coulours and are  becoming more modern to fit into today’s world. It is seen that after playing a couple of times, it is very difficult to resist the temptation to drop a coin when you are given the opportunity. The next point is in fact about control. People think they have control over their game, but they are just pushing a button or pulling a bar. The rest of the job is done by the machine and it decide when to stop. Also, because it is so simple, it is quicker to play. It is also a way to pass time and some people like it better then sports or reading. In fact, VLTs are easier to play with, you can do many things at the same time while playing and it does not require much of your brain to understand the games. A player can easily have a cigarette, take a sip from his or her beer or even chat on a cell phone while â€Å"keeping the game’s images in play with some gentle one-fingered pressure applied to a large well-worn button† (Golfman, N., December 1998). These machines only provide an illusion of activity. Also, some games are more popular because they stimulate more than others. The Real Games such as poker, blackjack and Keno are far more popular than other gaming terminal options (Golfman, N., December 1998). If we compare the card game solitaire to Keno, we can see the difference of stimulation. The software for a game of solitaire on a computer is programmed to deal whatever cards it wants. Keno requires merely picking some lucky numbers, hardly a stimulating way to pass the time (Golfman, N., December 1998). A nd with VLTs games like poker or blackjack, you get to chose the cards you want, instead of having it done by the computer. This way, you have a chance where the computer could choose weather you win or lose. When somebody plays these games, he does not have a partner which is often more stimulating. But that is why the Real Games are visually appealing. Many people think that they have an equal chance to win or lose money when playing with VLTs. The population is not aware that most of these slot machines are not random. In fact, they look random, but thousands of winning combinations have been removed from these games. If VLTs were random, the machine would lose a large amount of money occasionally. But it seems like this does not happen. For example, the Five Reel slot machines are the biggest money makers in Alberta VLTs (Vegas Professor Say, October 13, 2000) and the odds of winning are terrible. The Five Reel game has five pay lines including the three lines across and the diagonal corners. The cost to play is 25 cents per line, per spin, which can be increased to a maximum of $2.50 per spin. This game can easily cost $300 per hour, but the jackpot is only $250. How can we really know if VLTs are random or not? When a player pushes the button which activates the spin, is it really him who decides when to stop? No, it is the mac hine, so we have no control over them. Again with the Five Reel game, only 13% of all combinations (7,962,624) are actually winning spins where the pay out is higher than the original bet; 45% of the combinations pay absolutely nothing (means the player lose); 28% pay less than the original bet (the player still lose) and 12% of the combinations return the original bet (Vegas Professor Say .,October 13, 2000). That means you can only win 13% of the time and this is how government make millions of dollars per month. â€Å"Your losses and winnings are electronically tallied as you play, ()† (Cook, J., 1992) and this means we have no control over our bet. Psychologist and sociologist often analyze how VLTs enslave people and take their money. First, the prime objective of slot machines is to make you believe that the winning combinations are imminent so you keep playing and putting your money into the machine. It means that these machines are very quick. It is not like lottery tickets with which you have to wait often half a week or a week to receive the results and see if you win or not. â€Å"They are widely available, but you have to wait until Saturday night to get the results of the draw† (King, M., March 1999). For VLTs, the rate of play, rate of return, and the rate of feedback are very quick as a matter of seconds. This is one factor of problem gambling. What happens is that instead of spending the money just won to buy a beer or two, â€Å"the now pleasantly hooked client will more than likely roll the credits towards the next set of games† (Golfman, N., December 1998). Then, before the player can realize it, he has just passed hours in front of the machine, the credits have led to incredible betting and a big amount of money will be gone. The machines seen to have the capacity to enslave the gambler. When a player loses, he usually has the tendency to play again because he wants to win and since VLTs are fast, it is easy to just replay as much as he wants. VLTs can be played as quickly as 20 times a minute. â€Å"In that time an enthusiast can set and lose up to $5† (Golfman, N., December 1998). So, during an hour, the player can give up almost $300 to the machine. Another factor that causes problem gambling is the accessibility of VLTs. They are widely available in bars and casinos. Anybody can have access to them and even teenagers can easily play with the machines. For example, a man living in Montreal, who just finished working and receives a small salary with a wife and kids, can easily go play at the casino and spend all his money. People become addicted to VLTs and cannot stop playing. Also, many VLTs outlets are open 24 hours and it is not unusual to hear someone’s playing 36 hours straight (Novak, V., 1998). After having identified the quickness of the play and the ease of access to VLTs as factors in problem gambling, we can identify a third one. VLTs are not expensive (King, M., March 1999). It only cost 25 cents to play with certain machines. Because you only need pocket change to play and because it seems like a really small amount of money, people tend to play longer with a larger amount over time. â€Å"It does not seem like a big investment† (King, M., March 1999). There are various effects and consequences of being addicted to gambling. Lots of players are at risk to develop problems. They become absorbed in their game and also they â€Å"mobilise their bodies to function with astonishing mechanical dispatch-like rats in a control experiment† (Golfman, N., December 1998). Many scientists did experiments with rats and discovered that when they stimulated the rodents brain, the animals kept returning to the place where they were receiving the stimulation. VLTs uses reinforcement as well to make the gamblers play more and more. This refers to any event which increases the probability that a response will occur again (Coon, D., 2000). While playing, the reinforcement is money and the response occurs when the players keep playing. This creates addiction and it is considered as a disease. Professionals â€Å"who specialise in gambling addiction agree that video poker provides an exceptionally fast track of addiction† (Novak, V., 1998). Other scientific research show that video games cause addiction and are enjoyed by many players diagnosed with addiction-disease (Golfman, N., December 1998). This is why the gamblers always return to play even if they do not have the money for it. It is a great pleasure that they cannot live without it. There are many effects of the addiction on gamblers. The player can lose all his money and with it, his house and job. He can lose his wife and even kids. Men are often the gamblers and women or children are the ones who are often physically or sexually assaulted (Macionis, Benoit, Janson, 1999). Often, because of this, the player thinks about suicide and can even attempt it. He can also make criminal acts or just steals money. Both of these acts are terrible and can get the person into prison. Some gamblers just go through alcohol and drug abuse to get away from their problems. As an example, a young pizza-franchise manager has a criminal record after feeding the machines for weeks with his store’s cash (Novak, V., 1998). Next, the governments are the one who gets the profits. So, do they really want to shut down the VLTs or to ban these machines from bars and casinos? They are â€Å"virtually vacuuming up gambling profits directly from the machines into their treasury† (Golfman, N., December 1998). Some provinces share as much as 80 per cent of the net revenues produced by VLTs, â€Å"making it virtually impossible for government to resist their invading presence† (Golfman, N., December 1998). The money from these machines are a form of hidden tax. The Government uses this money to repair roads, pay bills and manage government itself as taxes do. They also spend money on gambling problems (about $150 000 a year in the province of Newfoundland), but it cannot be compared to the $80 million that they collect from bars and casinos with VLTs (Golfman, N., December 1998). So, can we say that governments are supporting problem- gamblers as much as they could? Not really. Another example is in South Dakota where VLTs make 70 per cent profit (Vegas Professor Say .,October 13, 2000). Most successful businesses are only making around 10 per cent profit, so video lottery machines are making 60 per cent more profit then other good businesses. We can really say that lottery terminals are a source of revenue for state budget. They turned gambling into a supposed source of money for causes like education, environment and economic development but, in fact, it is more like a tax to gain money to go in government treasury. â€Å"Last year, the VLTs yielded Montana $21 million on tax revenue, South Dakota $25 million, five to ten times what their conventional lotteries do† (Cook, J., 1992). Since the 1970s, there has been significant expansion of gambling. Various form of gambling were legalize to â€Å"increase revenue without having to rely upon more traditional forms of taxation† (Carr, Buchoski, Kofoed Morgan, 1996). Today, VLTs are part of our lives and governments do not want to ban them. It seems that they do not realize the problems that these machines are causing on the population. â€Å"The phrase problem gambler is itself still a suspiciously new term, and one that governments refused to recognize unti l VLTs conquered the landscape† (Golfman, N., December 1998). There are many possible solutions for addictive gamblers. First, we could shut down the machines. In South Carolina, the Supreme Court shut down 36,000 video lottery machines on July 1st, 2000. By this, the number of active Gambler’s Anonymous groups was cut in three months, from 32 to 16 groups (Vegas Professor Say .,October 13, 2000). In South Carolina, the Governor said that VLTs are a cancer and he wants them out. If all forms of government could do the same thing, there would have a lower race of addicted gamblers. This Governor made an effort to ban these machines. â€Å"It passed overwhelmingly in the house, then was filibustered to death in the senate, but is sure to resurface next year† (Novak, V., 1998). There are other states where there are signs of reassessment taking place. In Louisiana, many people voted to ban the machines starting next year (Novak, V., 1998). As a second solution, reduction in the speed of the units themselves is a possibility. Many casinos say that slowing down the games mean losing clients (Golfman, N., December 1998). People get bored with slow games and will stop playing them. For now, it is only a recommendation and it has not yet been applied. Maybe by losing clients, it will reduce the number of addicted gamblers. The most current solution, or should we say help, is treatment. Scientists are still at the beginning phases of research on the effectiveness of various treatment approaches (King, 1999). Some Addiction Centre and Gambler’s Anonymous centres offer help to addicted gamblers. These include self-help groups, support groups, therapy, individual and family counselling, family support and number of treatment programs for people who feel they need a break from their surroundings in order to quit gambling (King, 1999). The emphases of these centres are on developing strategies to stay â€Å"quit† once you have quit. â€Å"For example, these strategies can be external (controlling access to money), or cognitive (helping people to understand their thought patterns and how what they think may lead to into gambling or not gambling)† (King, 1999). The shut down of VLTs and the number of people entering some centres are related. When video machines were turned off in South Dakota, the number of individuals receiving treatments for problem gambling diminished abruptly (Carr, Buchoski, Kofoed Morgan, 1996). This suggests that VLTs present a unique risk for development of problems severe enough for the need of treatments. But the thing is we know that only a very small proportion of those identified as having a problem actually seek treatment. Most of the population do not realize their addiction and continue to play. In conclusion, in addition of being the biggest revenue producer for governments, video lottery terminals are also the biggest cause of problem gambling. No other style of gambling creates such an hypnotic fascination. It is seen many times that it is very difficult to resist the temptation to drop a coin when given the opportunity. It cannot be denied that problem gambling is a reality and we have to do something to stop it. Solutions such as banning the machines are efficient and we should do it everywhere. As Quinn says, a director of Carolina Psychological Services in Columbia â€Å"video lottery machines are not worth the cost to society in lost productivity on the job, crime, divorce and bankruptcy† (Vegas Professor Say .,October 13, 2000).

The Future Of Marketing Is Automation With Chris Davis From ActiveCampaign

The Future Of Marketing Is Automation With Chris Davis From ActiveCampaign Want to provide a better experience for your prospects and customers, and make your work life a little more efficient at the same time? That’s the dream behind marketing automation. It’s about delivering the right messages to the right people in the most effective way. Today, we’re talking to Chris Davis, director of education at ActiveCampaign. He teaches us that marketing automation goes beyond email marketing and shares ideas on how you can improve your customer experience with automation. Marketing automation is the process of employing technology to execute a marketing strategy Hire and train each tool that you use in marketing to solve a problem Owners wear many hats; marketing automation lets them do more of what they want to do in their business, than what they have to do Examples of automation include someone filling out a form and your company following up or giving away something for free to obtain email addresses Biggest mindset shift to automation is looking at your platform not as a way to send out emails, but as a way to collect data Sole purpose of marketing automation is to scale personalization and make people feel individualized; automation allows you to sort or segment contacts Before doing anything technical, define segments in your business; who are you going to be talking to? First 2 segments: customers and non-customers Simple things become complex when understanding isn’t in close proximity; most businesses struggle to understand marketing and technology Email can be the channel or means in which a message travels; send a message to customers to break the barrier of technology Marketing automation qualifies customers and determines who should follow-up with them; automation serves as a facilitator People prefer to buy online, rather than going into a store; their guards are down, but everybody still wants to be treated like a human being and individual Outsourcing marketing can be a mistake; you may need someone internal to your business that is involved in the day-to-day to unleash your marketing Links: ActiveCampaign Jobs to be Done Drip Write and send a review to receive a care package If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Chris Davis: â€Å"Our customers need optimization across the entire customer journey.† â€Å"When I think of marketing automation, it’s the process of employing technology to execute your marketing strategy.† â€Å"Your biggest mindset shift when it comes to marketing automation is to stop looking at your platform as a means of sending out emails, and look at it as a means of collecting data.† â€Å"The goal is to be able to do more of what you want to do in your business, than what you have to do.†

Euro Crisis in terms of the Greek Debt Issue Research Paper

Euro Crisis in terms of the Greek Debt Issue - Research Paper Example This aspect caught the government of Greece unawares because the expenditure that had been made on the defense equipments was so high meaning that the rest of the country’s economy had been under budgeted. The major economic sources that comprised of tourism and the shipping industry were adversely affected by the economic deterioration that had hit all parts of the world. Lack of monetary fund to plan and budget for the governmental and non-governments needs arose in 2010. This caused the government of Greece to request for a loan in late April in the year 2010 from the European Union and International Monetary Fund (IMF) so that it could be able to cater for its needs and the needs of its citizens. Researchers announced few days after the issuing of the loan that the Greek government could not be able to repay the loan thus the investors that have invested in the Greek government and companies risked losing almost half of their investments. This announcement caused fear amon g the investors, existing and willing investors, and they withdrew from their original plans to avoid further losses. Effects of the crisis of Greece The Greek government had to introduce drastic measures that led to the infliction of high economic standards to the citizens of Greece in May that year. The high cost of living and low-income rates due to high taxes and other governmental requirements made the Greek citizens to have a series of peaceful protests, which later turned into social instability and riots in Greece. The International Monetary Fund in conjunction with European Union intervened and added an additional loan to the Greek government in 2011 on condition that it could regulate the flow of money and economy (James, 2001). In addition, Greece was supposed to come up with a structure of repaying the loan. This structure was to be produced by the Greek government and agreed upon by the International Monetary Fund, European Union and the Greek government. The European U nion gave pressure to the prime minister of Greece due to the improper management and governance during his regime and threatened to withdrawal part of the loan that they were supposed to process for the Greek government. This led to George Papandreou step down to give room for an election of a new and focused regime to cover for the damages caused and give room for more external and internal donations and loans. The resigning of the prime minister caused or led to the release of the percent of the loan that had remained and the appointment of an interim prime minister to take control of the debt repayment and proper use of allocated funds. Scholars and economic analysts has been following up the case of the Greek economic break down and that of the European Union and are suggesting a possible break through for the European nations. The economic analysts are suggesting that the Greek government should stop using Euros and bring back its former currency, drachma, as its currency unti l it stabilizes. However, this would result in a political and economical instability and deterioration (Drazen, 2011). Some scholars argue that the reintroduction of the drachma would result to a more than 50% fall in its value if Greece chose to drop the use of Euro. This would mean that that the Greek government would suffer from high rates of inflation and there are possibilities of riots, military coups and war. In order to avoid this outcome, the

Aspects of Psychology Unit 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Aspects of Psychology Unit 5 - Essay Example A good example for this stage is Homer and Marge Simpson. They show much affection and caring for their children and these parental acts are the general scenario of Generativity. It is the Simpson’s family that embodies sentiments of affection, caring, greed, self-indulgence, self-centeredness, and lack of enthusiasm in individuals, and the larger world. Integrity versus Despair As defined by Erikson (1997), integrity is a feeling of peace. No melancholies or accusations. The connection between the stages is possibly more evident here than anywhere else: individuals are more likely to reexamine their lives enthusiastically and contentedly if they have made a difference to the world (Erikson, Erikson & Kivnick, 1986), like Warren Schmidt. Schmidt’s personality embodies acceptance and Integrity. However, Schmidt also embodies the opposite nature when he shows feelings of regrets and missed opportunities, or what Erikson refers to as Despair. This stage is an excellent win dow through which an individual can reexamine his/her life—prior to reaching old age (Erikson et al. 1986). Fortunately these days for numerous individuals it is usually possible to make amends, even in the midst of despair. A Study Supporting ‘Generativity versus Stagnation’ According to the study of Kenneth Coll and colleagues (2006) on the psychosocial development of adolescent offender, enhancing generativity and lessening stagnation methods require integrating the five therapeutic exercise of John Bowlby for developing stronger relationship. Basically, the study supports Erikson’s theory by stating that providing an individual a stable foundation to examine a variety of depressing and difficult life features, promoting considerations of means where in to experience relationships with existing major figures, supporting analysis of each relationship linked to building sympathy for the other individual’s ideas, promoting consideration of how exist ing ideas and anticipations emerge from childhood experiences and the embedded meanings from others, and aiding to understand that the detrimental self-realizations are rooted in negative experience and can be altered. A Study Supporting ‘Integrity versus Despair’ According to the study of Kylie Rylands and Debra Rickwood (2001) on ‘the effect of accepting the past on depression in older women’ accepting the past, just like what Erikson argued, was a significant way to reduce depression in people, particularly in older people. The comparative strength of the ego-integrity process of later-life personality, as actualized by making amends of the past, was experimented as a determinant of depression in a multivariate approach consisting of other quite recognized determinants, such as negative and positive affectivity, physical reliance, social assistance, and age. References Coll, K.M., Thobro, P. & Haas, R. (2006). ‘Outcome Evaluation of Adolescent Offe nder Psychosocial Development: A Comparative Study’. Journal of Humanistic Counseling, Education and Development, 45(2), 208+ Erikson, E., Erikson, J.M., & Kivnick, H.Q. (1986). Vital Involvement in Old Age. New York: W.W. Norton. Erikson, E. & Erikson, J. (1997). The Life Cycle Completed. New York: W.W. Norton. Ewen, R.B. (2003). An Introduction to Theories of Personality. Mahwah,

The Need for Available Contraceptives Essay -- Birth Control Children

The Need for Available Contraceptives With each miraculous birth the world’s population heads further towards destruction due to overpopulation. Globally, the population is increasing at a rate of 1 billion every decade, a rate that mankind has never seen before (Bongaarts). Most of this huge increase in population is in developing countries where the population is currently 4.3 billion and is expected to more than double within the next hundred years (Bongaarts). Considering that the world’s resources are already being stretched to sustain the current population a high birth rate will be catastrophic if if is allowed to continue. This population boom must be stopped in order to ensure that future generations can experience the standards of living we enjoy today. Though the high birth rate is mainly due to developing countries, all of humanity must work together to overcome it. Hope for the future is only possible if the developed world supports the effort with funds and resources. The key weap on in this battle is birth control, which must be spread globally to those who lack means of controlling their fertility. Although one little child does not put a significant stress on the world’s resources, the number of children currently being born will cause irreversible and unreasonable demands on the earth. President of the Population Institute Werner Fornos warns, â€Å" Population growth is a leading contributor to environmental degradation† (â€Å"Keynote address†). Environmental degradation happens and will continue to happen as we pollute the earth, contribute to global warming, create landfills, and consume our precious and often nonrenewable resources (Bongaarts). Realizing the drastic damage our population h... ...ption and Induced Abortion in Rural Ghana.† Tropical Medicine & International Health 7 (2002): 708-716. Hartmann, Betsy. â€Å"Population Control I: Birth of an Ideology.† International journal of health services 27 (1997): 523-540. â€Å"Keynote address.† Boston College Environmental Affairs Law Review 21 (1994): 251-256. â€Å"Nothing is unthinkable.† The Lancet 336 (1990): 659(3). Rosenfield, Allan. â€Å"The Fifth Freedom Revisited: I, Background and Existing Programmes.† The Lancet 336 (1990): 1227-1232. Sharpless, John. â€Å"World population Growth, Family Planning, and American Foreign Policy.† Journal of Policy History 7 (1995): 72-102. United Nations Secretariat. Dept. of Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division. Fertility, Contraception and Population Policies. 25 April 2003. â€Å"Whose future? Whose world?† The Lancet 342 (1993): 1125-1127.

Downfall from Arrogance

Downfall from Arrogance The Crucible Is a peculiar name to put for a play. In literal meaning, a crucible Is a special pot In which you put materials In. The pot then goes In the fire, and you end up melting the contents, but not the pot itself. The way Miller named his play as The Crucible is what literary experts call symbolism. Arthur Miller's basic purpose of writing this play was to signify that people react to situations in many dfferent ways. In that same way, he symbolizes the attributes of each character as well.In this play, The Crucible, the character Reverend Parris's consistent arrogance conveys the uthor's message that before anything else, people will always tend to care for themselves. Reverend Parris's personality trait can be examined through chronological order † from Act 1 to Act 4. Who was Reverend Parris? As described in Act 1, Parris is the head of the church of the town, and he is considered a respectable person. In his mid-forties, he has already lost h is wife, and has a daughter named Betty. In Act 1, Reverend Parris plays a dominant role, along with his arrogance and pride.At the beginning of this act, when Betty is on the bed lying what seems to be nconscious, Reverend Parris tells Thomas Putnam, â€Å"leap not to The people wanted to call In Reverend Hale, the towns expert on witchcraft, to examine Betty and find out what had been going on. Parris, through his arrogance, decided that it would not be a good idea to call in Hale because if Betty were to be announced as a witch, it could ruin his name, since she was his daughter. Just to save his name of being the head preacher of the town, he persisted on not calling in Reverend Hale.Parr's, along with his undermining arrogance, created a saddening effect on the the town. He Is the main pastor, and so when people hear things from him, they tend to believe him. All that he did was not to keep the people of the ton away from evil. He did what he did so he would hear what he wante d to hear. He wanted to hear that he would not lose his position. Eventually, he did give in and towards the end of Act 1, they do call in Hale. Parris was not at all present in Act 2 directly, although he was in fact mentioned once when they talked about a book in which he kept a record of all the people present on Sabbath Day.Throughout the whole act, however, there was ot a single Instance where his arrogance took an effect on any of the people. In Act 3, however, his arrogance plays a crucial role. When Danforth is talking to John Proctor and Abigail, he decides to step in and say to Danforth that â€Å"this is a trick to blind the court! † (107). He does this again to protect his own name because he does not want Danforth to believe what Mary Warren is saying. During the trial, he asks Mary Warren to faint in front of all the people, falsely. The reason for his demand is because he Is grasping for evidence to prove that Abigail and the girls are not guilty.Parris has a c onvincing effect on Danforth throughout the whole of the trial because he is trying to protect Abigail, and Danforth has come to a point where he cannot go back. Danforth's own arrogant nature wont let him reconsider his decisions. Since Abigail has already been proven innocent, Danforth literally won't listen to new evidence unless some creative logic occurs. Once Elizabeth comes to the trial, Parris Is even more Olstraugnt He tnlnKs tnat EllzaDetn wlll agree wit n Proctor aoout tne adultery he committed, and thus ruin his name for sheltering an adulterer. Ironically, that does not happen.Elizabeth, who Just wanted to save her husband's name, said that Proctor did not commit adultery. All this while, she knew that he did. At the end of Act 3, we can see that Parris's arrogance and prideful nature is helping him to get through another round of impulsive evidence put indirectly against him, that could have again hurt his position in Salem. Act 4 is the last act of the play, and in th is act, everything changes. Parris comes running to the Jail, where he tells Danforth that Abigail has vanished, along with all of his money. He asked Betty, who told him that they girls were talking about some ships.Within the lines, we can interpret that Abigail disappeared by riding off on a boat. Parris's view of the whole situation changes, because he then realizes that he made a grave mistake by blaming innocents. He pleads to Danforth to postpone execution and to free the accused, but Danforth, again with his pride that he never failed to make the right decision, decides that he will not reconsider his decision. When Proctor tears up the paper that could have saved his life, Parris looks unto him in utter astonishment. If Parris was in such a situation, he would probably live with the shame, although his arrogance might ake him suffer.That happens when he realized that people are turning against him. He â€Å"fear[s] that there will be riot here† (127). He completely b reaks down in front of Danforth after he recounts the knife incident. In conclusion, Parris signifies many different characteristics, but his most important trait being his arrogance, and it affected him negatively. This essay analyzed this trait through the chronological order of acts, from Act 1 to Act 4. He may have gotten through with his arrogance by directing people to love him and keep him in his position, but when the people

Biography of Ferdinand Marcos, Philippines Dictator

Ferdinand Marcos (September 11, 1917–September 28, 1989) ruled the Philippines with an iron fist from 1966 to 1986. Critics charged Marcos and his regime with crimes like corruption and nepotism. Marcos himself is said to have exaggerated his role in World War II. He also murdered a family political rival. Marcos created an elaborate cult of personality. When that state-mandated adulation proved insufficient for him to maintain control, President Marcos declared martial law. Fast Facts: Ferdinand Marcos Known For: Philippines dictatorAlso Known As: Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos Sr.Born: September 11, 1917  in Sarrat, PhilippinesParents: Mariano Marcos,  Josefa EdralinDied: September 28, 1989  in Honolulu, HawaiiEducation: University of the Philippines, College of LawAwards and Honors: Distinguished Service Cross, Medal of HonorSpouse: Imelda Marcos  (m. 1954–1989)Children: Imee,  Bongbong,  Irene, Aimee (adopted)Notable Quote: I often wonder what I will be remembered in history for. Scholar? Military hero? Builder? Early Life Ferdinand Edralin Marcos was born on Sept. 11, 1917, to Mariano and Josefa Marcos in the village of Sarrat, on the island of Luzon, the Philippines. Persistent rumors say that Ferdinands biological father was a man named Ferdinand Chua, who served as his godfather. Officially, however, Josefas husband Mariano Marcos was the childs father. Young Ferdinand Marcos grew up in a privileged milieu. He excelled at school and took an eager interest in things like boxing and shooting. Education Marcos attended school in Manila. His godfather Ferdinand Chua may have helped pay for his educational expenses. During the 1930s, the young man studied law at the University of the Philippines, outside of Manila. This legal training would come in handy when Marcos was arrested and tried for a 1935 political murder. In fact, he continued his studies while in prison and even passed the bar exam with flying colors from his cell. Meanwhile, Mariano Marcos ran for a seat on the National Assembly in 1935 but was defeated for a second time by Julio Nalundasan. Assassinates Nalundasan On Sept. 20, 1935, as he was celebrating his victory over Marcos, Nalundasan was shot dead at his home. Ferdinand, then 18, had used his shooting skills to kill Nalundasan with a .22-caliber rifle. Marcos was indicted for the killing and convicted by a district court in November of 1939. He appealed to the Supreme Court of the Philippines in 1940. Representing himself, Marcos managed to get his conviction overturned despite strong evidence of his guilt. Mariano Marcos and (by now) Judge Chua may have used their political power to influence the outcome of the case. World War II At the outbreak of World War II, Marcos was practicing law in Manila. He soon joined the Filipino Army and fought against the Japanese invasion as a combat intelligence officer in the 21st Infantry Division. Marcos saw action in the three-month-long Battle of Bataan, in which the Allied forces lost Luzon to the Japanese. He survived the Bataan Death March, a week-long ordeal that killed about a quarter of Japans American and Filipino POWs on Luzon. Marcos escaped the prison camp and joined the resistance. He later claimed to have been a guerrilla leader, but that claim has been disputed. Post-War Era Detractors say that Marcos spent the early post-war period filing false compensation claims for wartime damages with the United States government, such as a claim for almost $600,000 for 2,000 imaginary cattle of Mariano Marcos. Marcos also served as a special assistant to the first president of the newly independent Republic of the Philippines, Manuel Roxas, from 1946 to 1947. Marcos served in the Philippines House of Representatives from 1949 to 1959 and the Senate from 1963 to 1965 as a member of Roxas Liberal Party. Rise to Power In 1965, Marcos hoped to secure the Liberal Party nomination for the presidency. The sitting president, Diosdado Macapagal (father of current president Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo), had promised to step aside, but he reneged and ran again. Marcos resigned from the Liberal Party and joined the Nationalists. He won the election and was sworn in on December 30, 1965. President Marcos promised economic development, improved infrastructure, and good government to the people of the Philippines. He also pledged help to South Vietnam and the U.S. in the Vietnam War, sending more than 10,000 Filipino soldiers to fight. Cult of Personality Ferdinand Marcos was the first president to be reelected to a second term in the Philippines. Whether his reelection was rigged is a subject of debate. In any case, he consolidated his hold on power by developing a cult of personality, like those of Joseph Stalin or Mao Zedong. Marcos required every business and classroom in the country to display his official presidential portrait. He also posted giant billboards bearing propagandistic messages across the country. A handsome man, Marcos had married former beauty queen Imelda Romualdez in 1954. Her glamour added to his popularity. Martial Law Within weeks of his reelection, Marcos faced violent public protests against his rule by students and other citizens. Students demanded educational reforms; they even commandeered a fire truck and crashed it into the Presidential Palace in 1970. The Filipino Communist Party reemerged as a threat. Meanwhile, a Muslim separatist movement in the south urged succession. President Marcos responded to all of these threats by declaring martial law on September 21, 1972. He suspended habeas corpus, imposed a curfew, and jailed opponents like Benigno Ninoy Aquino. This period of martial law lasted until January 1981. Dictatorship Under martial law, Marcos took extraordinary powers for himself. He used the countrys military as a weapon against his political enemies, displaying a typically ruthless approach to opposition. Marcos also awarded a huge number of government posts to his and Imeldas relatives. Imelda herself was a member of Parliament (1978-84); Governor of Manila (1976-86); and Minister of Human Settlements (1978-86). Marcos called parliamentary elections on April 7, 1978. None of the members of jailed former Senator Benigno Aquinos LABAN party won their races. Election monitors cited widespread vote-buying by Marcos loyalists. In preparation for Pope John Paul IIs visit, Marcos lifted martial law on Jan. 17, 1981. Nonetheless, Marcos pushed through legislative and Constitutional reforms to ensure that he would retain all of his extended powers. It was purely a cosmetic change. Presidential Election of 1981 For the first time in 12 years, the Philippines held a presidential election on June 16, 1981. Marcos ran against two opponents: Alejo Santos of the Nacionalista Party and Bartolome Cabangbang of the Federal Party. LABAN and Unido both boycotted the election. Marcos received 88% of the vote. He took the opportunity in his inauguration ceremony to note that he would like the job of Eternal President. Death of Aquino Opposition leader Benigno Aquino was released in 1980 after spending nearly eight years in prison. He went into exile in the United States. In August 1983, Aquino returned to the Philippines. Upon arrival, he was hustled off the plane and shot dead on the runway at the Manila Airport by a man in a military uniform. The government claimed that Rolando Galman was the assassin; Galman was immediately killed by airport security. Marcos was ill at the time, recovering from a kidney transplant. Imelda may have ordered Aquinos killing, which sparked massive protests. Later Years and Death Aug. 13, 1985, was the beginning of the end for Marcos. Fifty-six members of Parliament called for his impeachment for graft, corruption, and other high crimes. Marcos called a new election for 1986. His opponent was Corazon Aquino, the widow of Benigno. Marcos claimed a 1.6 million vote victory, but observers found an 800,000-vote win by Aquino. A People Power movement quickly developed, driving the Marcoses into exile in Hawaii, and affirming Aquinos election. The Marcoses had embezzled billions of dollars from the Philippines. Imelda famously left more than 2,500 pairs of shoes in her closet when she fled Manila. Marcos died of multiple organ failure in Honolulu on Sept. 28, 1989. Legacy Marcos left behind a reputation as one of the most corrupt and ruthless leaders in modern Asia. The Marcoses had taken with them more than $28 million in cash in Philippine currency. President Corazon Aquinos administration said this was only a small part of the Marcoses illegally gained wealth. Marcos excesses are perhaps best exemplified by his wifes extensive shoe collection. Imelda Marcos is reported to have gone on shopping sprees using state money to buy jewelry and shoes. She amassed a collection of more than 1,000 pairs of luxury shoes, which earned her the nickname, Marie Antoinette, with shoes. Sources Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. â€Å"Ferdinand Marcos.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 8 Mar. 2019..Ferdinand E. Marcos Republic of the Philippines-Department of National Defense.â€Å"Ferdinand Marcos Biography.†Ã‚  Encyclopedia of World Biography.